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Virginia Medicaid Appeals
Services For providers How it works FAQ Law Offices of Christopher Hanks (703) 594-1209
For Medicaid providers

Denied, retracted, or terminated by DMAS?

We represent nursing facilities, assisted living communities, home care agencies, physician practices, and other Medicaid-enrolled providers through the DMAS provider appeal process — from the informal appeal through the formal hearing and beyond.

Talk to us about a provider appeal (703) 594-1209

Our practice is HIPAA compliant — patient and member records are handled securely.

First things first

Three deadlines, and they are not the same.

Virginia does not give providers a single appeal window. It gives three, depending on what DMAS did — and each runs from your receipt of the decision, which is presumed three days after DMAS mails it.

15 days

Termination or denial of a provider agreement

Va. Code Ann. § 32.1-325(E); 12VAC30-20-540(A)(1)

30 days

Every other DMAS decision

12VAC30-20-540(A)(3)

90 days

Adjustments to a cost report

12VAC30-20-540(A)(2)

A filing date-stamped by the DMAS Appeals Division after 5:00 p.m. Eastern on the due date is untimely. 12VAC30-20-520(I).

What we handle

Provider matters before DMAS

01

Payment denials & claim disputes

Services were rendered and documented, and reimbursement was refused, reduced, or reversed. These are the most common provider appeals and often turn on documentation standards rather than on whether the care was necessary.

02

Audit findings & retractions

Overpayment demands and recoupment following a DMAS or contractor audit — including findings extrapolated from a sample across a much larger universe of claims. The extrapolation methodology itself is frequently the strongest ground of appeal.

03

Provider agreement termination

Termination or denial of a Medicaid provider agreement under Va. Code Ann. § 32.1-325(E). This carries the shortest deadline in the entire scheme and can end a facility’s participation in the program.

04

Enrollment denials

Refusal to enroll or re-enroll a provider, including denials arising from ownership disclosures, screening levels, or prior adverse actions.

05

Cost report adjustments

Adjustments reflected in a notice of program reimbursement. These carry a materially longer filing window than other provider appeals, which providers routinely fail to take advantage of.

06

Managed care plan disputes

Disputes with a Cardinal Care or other contracted plan, where the plan’s internal appeal or reconsideration process must ordinarily be exhausted before a DMAS appeal can proceed.

How it works

The DMAS provider appeal, end to end

Part XII of the DMAS regulations governs every informal and formal provider appeal and supersedes any other provider appeals regulation. 12VAC30-20-520(A).

1

Informal appeal filed

The written notice of informal appeal goes to the DMAS Appeals Division and must identify each adjustment, patient, service date, or other disputed matter. A notice that fails to identify the disputed items in the required detail is subject to administrative dismissal. 12VAC30-20-540(A), (B)(1).

2

DMAS files its case summary

DMAS has 30 days from the filing of the notice to file a written case summary explaining the factual basis and authority for its action. If DMAS misses that deadline, the regulation directs dismissal in favor of the provider. 12VAC30-20-540(C)(1), (3).

3

The 12-day deficiency window

The provider then has 12 days following the case summary due date to file written notice of every deficiency in that summary. Deficiencies not raised in that window are deemed waived — all of them. 12VAC30-20-540(C)(4).

4

Informal conference

Held within 90 days of filing, in Richmond unless the parties and the appeals agent agree otherwise. It is not an adversarial or evidentiary proceeding and no party recording is permitted. Additional documentation may be filed only within the period the agent specifies, capped at 30 days. 12VAC30-20-540(D); 12VAC30-20-520(F).

5

Informal decision

Issued within 180 days of receipt of the notice of informal appeal, absent a written agreement to stay. 12VAC30-20-540(E).

6

Formal appeal

Filed within 30 days of receipt of the informal decision. Only issues addressed at the informal stage may be raised, unless DMAS and the provider have agreed in writing to waive informal fact-finding. Documentary evidence is due within 21 days of filing; the hearing is held within 45 days. 12VAC30-20-560(A), (B)(1)(a), (C).

7

Recommended and final decisions

A hearing officer selected by the Executive Secretary of the Supreme Court of Virginia submits a recommended decision within 120 days. Written exceptions are due within 14 days of the DMAS director’s letter, and the director issues the final agency decision within 60 days. 12VAC30-20-560(E)–(G).

8

Circuit court review

The final agency decision is reviewable in circuit court under the Virginia Administrative Process Act, Va. Code Ann. § 2.2-4000 et seq.

Where appeals are lost

Six ways a winnable appeal gets dismissed

Most provider appeals that fail do not fail on the merits. They fail on the procedure around them.

Filing before you have exhausted a contractor process

If a DMAS or contractor reconsideration, review, or internal appeal process applies and has not been exhausted, the informal appeal is administratively dismissed. 12VAC30-20-540(B)(3).

Filing after 5:00 p.m. on the due date

A document date-stamped by the Appeals Division after 5:00 p.m. Eastern on the due date is untimely. Not late by a day — untimely. 12VAC30-20-520(I).

Assuming the clock starts when you opened the mail

Receipt is presumed three days after DMAS mails an item, and on the date of transmission for fax or email. Failing to open an item does not extend anything. 12VAC30-20-520(C).

Letting a billing company file for you

A billing company or other third party must submit written authorization signed by the provider, or the appeal is dismissed. That requirement does not apply to an appeal filed by a Virginia licensed attorney. 12VAC30-20-540(B)(2).

Saving your best argument for the formal hearing

Issues not addressed in the informal appeal cannot be raised in the formal appeal. The informal stage is not a warm-up. 12VAC30-20-560(A).

Missing a conference or hearing

Failure by a party to attend results in dismissal in favor of the other party. 12VAC30-20-520(G).

Worth knowing

DMAS may have to pay your attorney fees.

Where a provider substantially prevails on the merits and the DMAS position was not substantially justified, the regulation requires DMAS to reimburse reasonable and necessary attorney fees and costs, unless special circumstances would make an award unjust. Substantially prevailing means succeeding on more than 50% of the dollar amount identified in the notice of appeal. 12VAC30-20-520(H).

Whether that standard is met in any given appeal is its own question, and no outcome can be promised. It is simply a feature of the Virginia scheme many providers do not know exists.

Questions

What providers ask

How long do I have to file?+

It depends on what DMAS did. Termination or denial of a provider agreement carries a 15-day deadline. Cost report adjustments carry 90 days. Every other DMAS decision carries 30 days. All three run from the provider’s receipt of the decision, and receipt is presumed three days after mailing. 12VAC30-20-540(A).

Can I recover my attorney fees?+

Sometimes. DMAS is required to reimburse reasonable and necessary attorney fees and costs where the provider substantially prevails on the merits and the DMAS position was not substantially justified, unless special circumstances would make an award unjust. Substantially prevailing means succeeding on more than 50% of the dollar amount at issue. 12VAC30-20-520(H). Whether that standard is met in any particular appeal is a separate question.

Can I challenge how DMAS calculates payment?+

You may appeal the DMAS interpretation and application of a payment methodology. You may not appeal the payment methodology itself. 12VAC30-20-520(B).

Can an extrapolated overpayment be challenged?+

The sampling and extrapolation methodology is itself an appealable application of DMAS policy, and it is often where the largest dollars sit. Whether a challenge succeeds depends on the sample, the universe, and the statistical method used.

Where are hearings held?+

At the DMAS main office in Richmond, unless DMAS, the provider, and the informal appeals agent or hearing officer agree in writing to another location. 12VAC30-20-520(F).

Do you handle resident and member appeals too?+

Yes. Facilities frequently face a resident-side eligibility problem and a provider-side payment problem arising from the same set of facts. Both can be handled together.

Regulatory citations on this page reflect the Virginia Administrative Code as published at the time of writing and are provided for general information only. Regulations change. Nothing here is legal advice and no attorney–client relationship is created by reading this page.

Let's take the next step together.

Send us a little about what happened. We'll get back to you quickly — usually the same day.

Call
(703) 594-1209
Email
christopher@hankslaw.org
Office
1520 Belle View Blvd. #187
Alexandria, VA 22307

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